Insights into Alpine-Karst-Type Tufa Deposits in Geological Environmental Records: A Case Study of the Calcareous Tufa Profile of the Jiuzhaigou Natural Reserve on the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

To study the geological environmental records of alpine-karst-type tufa deposits in eastern margin Tibetan Plateau, calcareous profile exposed by “8.8” Jiuzhaigou earthquake was taken as research object and combined with a field investigation. Further, petrography, sedimentology, chronology, elemental geochemistry were studied analyzed. The results show following. (1) Sparkling Lake deposited under background warm humid climate during Holocene. growth pattern follows bottom-to-top deposition. (2) At 750 ± 30–300 30 aB.P., layers gray-black whole, changes mineral composition indicate fluctuating upward trend for temperature precipitation this period. (3) formation two sets black peat upper part is due to synergistic action multiple factors caused strong tectonic activity. In conclusion, deposition mechanism controlled paleoclimate hydrology glaciation long time, while activity over short period time considerably changed color, structure, element content, tufa.